Setting up a Lightning Node on a Raspberry Pi

Latest Versions

https://bitcoincore.org/bin/
https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/releases

Prerequisites

Add a new users

Create a working user account:

$ sudo adduser <username>
Adding user `<username>' ...
Adding new group `<username>' (1001) ...
Adding new user `<username>' (1001) with group `<username>' ...
Creating home directory `/home/<username>' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for <username>
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []:
    Room Number []:
    Work Phone []:
    Home Phone []:
    Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n]

Grant sudo rights:
```
sudo usermod -aG sudo <username>
```
Disconnect from the default account:
```
exit
```

Copy the ssh pub key to the new (working) account:

$ ssh-copy-id <username>@<ip-address>
/usr/local/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/local/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
<username>@<ip-address>'s password:

Number of key(s) added:        1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '<username>@<ip-address>'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

Reconnect as the new working user account:
```
ssh <username>@<ip-address>
```

Remove the default account:

$ sudo deluser --remove-home pi
Looking for files to backup/remove ...
Removing user `pi' ...
Warning: group `pi' has no more members.
Done.

Create the bitcoin user/service account:

$ sudo adduser bitcoin
Adding user `bitcoin' ...
Adding new group `bitcoin' (1000) ...
Adding new user `bitcoin' (1000) with group `bitcoin' ...
Creating home directory `/home/bitcoin' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for bitcoin
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []:
    Room Number []:
    Work Phone []:
    Home Phone []:
    Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n]

Create the lightning user/service account:

$ sudo adduser lightning
Adding user `lightning' ...
Adding new group `lightning' (1002) ...
Adding new user `lightning' (1002) with group `lightning' ...
Creating home directory `/home/lightning' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for lightning
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []:
    Room Number []:
    Work Phone []:
    Home Phone []:
    Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n]

USB Drive Setup

Setup the drive for auto mounting after restart by adding the following with sudo vim /etc/fstab:

/dev/sda1             /mnt/hdd        ext4    defaults      0      0

Setting up a Full Bitcoin Node

Prep the bitcoin data directories:

sudo mkdir /mnt/hdd/bitcoin
sudo chown bitcoin:bitcoin /mnt/hdd/bitcoin
sudo su bitcoin
ln -s /mnt/hdd/bitcoin /home/bitcoin/.bitcoin

Populate with the following vim /home/bitcoin/.bitcoin/bitcoin.conf:

# Bitcoind options
server=1
daemon=1
txindex=0
disablewallet=1
prune=550
# Connection settings
rpcuser=<rpc-username>
rpcpassword=<rpc-password>
onlynet=ipv4
zmqpubrawblock=tcp://127.0.0.1:29000
zmqpubrawtx=tcp://127.0.0.1:29001
# Raspberry Pi optimizations
dbcache=100
maxorphantx=10
maxmempool=50
maxconnections=40
maxuploadtarget=5000

Exit the bitcoin user:
```
exit
```

Install (Update the version from https://bitcoincore.org/bin/):

BITCOIND_VERSION=0.20.0
ARCH=arm-linux-gnueabihf
BITCOIND_ARCHIVE=bitcoin-${BITCOIND_VERSION}-${ARCH}.tar.gz
cd /tmp \
&& wget https://bitcoincore.org/bin/bitcoin-core-${BITCOIND_VERSION}/${BITCOIND_ARCHIVE} \
&& wget https://bitcoincore.org/bin/bitcoin-core-${BITCOIND_VERSION}/SHA256SUMS.asc \
&& wget https://bitcoin.org/laanwj-releases.asc \
&& SHA256=`grep "${BITCOIND_ARCHIVE}" SHA256SUMS.asc | awk '{print $1}'` \
&& echo $SHA256 \
&& echo "$SHA256 ${BITCOIND_ARCHIVE}" | sha256sum -c - \
&& gpg --import ./laanwj-releases.asc \
&& gpg --verify SHA256SUMS.asc \
&& tar -xzf ${BITCOIND_ARCHIVE} \
&& sudo install -m 0755 -o root -g root -t /usr/local/bin bitcoin-${BITCOIND_VERSION}/bin/* \
&& rm -rf /tmp/bitcoin-core-${BITCOIND_VERSION}/${BITCOIND_ARCHIVE} /tmp/bitcoin-core-${BITCOIND_VERSION}/SHA256SUMS.asc \
&& bitcoind --version

Create a new service with the following sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/bitcoind.service:

[Unit]
Description=Bitcoin daemon
Wants=getpublicip.service
After=getpublicip.service

[Service]
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c 'sleep 30'
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/bitcoind -daemon -conf=/home/bitcoin/.bitcoin/bitcoin.conf -pid=/home/bitcoin/.bitcoin/bitcoind.pid
PIDFile=/home/bitcoin/.bitcoin/bitcoind.pid
User=bitcoin
Group=bitcoin
Type=forking
KillMode=process
Restart=always
TimeoutSec=120
RestartSec=30

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Enable and start the new service:

sudo systemctl enable bitcoind.service
sudo systemctl start bitcoind.service
sudo systemctl status bitcoind.service

Check the bitcoin service:

$ bitcoin-cli getblockchaininfo | grep 'verificationprogress\|size_on_disk\|mediantime\|blocks\|headers'
"blocks": 562385,
"headers": 562385,
"mediantime": 1549761244,
"verificationprogress": 0.9999997986853417,
"size_on_disk": 26188591779,

Setting up the Lightning Node

Prep the bitcoin data directories:

sudo mkdir /mnt/hdd/lnd
sudo chown lightning:lightning /mnt/hdd/lnd
sudo su lightning
ln -s /mnt/hdd/lnd /home/lightning/.lnd

Populate with the following $ vim /home/lightning/.lnd/lnd.conf:

# RaspiBolt: lnd configuration

[Application Options]
debuglevel=info
maxpendingchannels=5
alias=PI-LND
color=#68F442

# Your router must support and enable UPnP, otherwise delete this line
#nat=true

[Bitcoin]
bitcoin.active=1

# enable either testnet or mainnet
#bitcoin.testnet=1
bitcoin.mainnet=1

bitcoin.node=bitcoind

[Bitcoind]
bitcoind.rpcuser=<rpc-username>
bitcoind.rpcpass=<rpc-password>
bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=tcp://127.0.0.1:29000
bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=tcp://127.0.0.1:29001

[autopilot]
autopilot.active=1
autopilot.maxchannels=5
autopilot.allocation=0.6

Install (Update the version from https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/releases)

LND_VERSION=v0.10.4-beta
ARCH=linux-armv7
LND_ARCHIVE=lnd-${ARCH}-${LND_VERSION}.tar.gz
cd /tmp \
    && wget -q https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/releases/download/${LND_VERSION}/${LND_ARCHIVE} \
    && wget -q https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/releases/download/${LND_VERSION}/manifest-${LND_VERSION}.txt \
    && wget -q https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/releases/download/${LND_VERSION}/manifest-${LND_VERSION}.txt.sig \
    && wget -q https://keybase.io/roasbeef/pgp_keys.asc \
    && SHA256=`grep "${LND_ARCHIVE}" manifest-${LND_VERSION}.txt | awk '{print $1}'` \
    && echo $SHA256 \
    && sha256sum ${LND_ARCHIVE} \
    && echo "$SHA256 ${LND_ARCHIVE}" | sha256sum -c - \
    && gpg --import ./pgp_keys.asc \
    && gpg --verify manifest-${LND_VERSION}.txt.sig \
    && tar -xzf ${LND_ARCHIVE} \
    && sudo install -m 0755 -o root -g root -t /usr/local/bin lnd-${ARCH}-${LND_VERSION}/* \
    && rm -rf /tmp/${LND_ARCHIVE}* /tmp/manifest-${LND_VERSION}* \
    && lnd --version

Verify the configuration, run:
```
lnd
```
In a separate ssh instance with the working account, create a new LND wallet:
```
lncli create
```
Verify everything is connecting.

Create a new service with the following sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/lnd.service:

[Unit]
Description=LND Lightning Daemon
Wants=bitcoind.service
After=bitcoind.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/lnd
PIDFile=/home/lightning/.lnd/lnd.pid
User=lightning
Group=lightning
LimitNOFILE=128000
Type=simple
KillMode=process
TimeoutSec=180
Restart=always
RestartSec=60

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Enable and start the new service:

sudo systemctl enable lnd
sudo systemctl start lnd
systemctl status lnd

Re-run the following to unlock the wallet:
```
lncli unlock
```
Check the logs:
```
sudo journalctl -f -u lnd
```

Future

https://github.com/KanoczTomas/01Cnode

References

https://medium.com/coinmonks/bitcoin-lightning-network-run-your-node-at-home-for-fun-and-no-profit-da5b61be2ba9
https://github.com/Stadicus/guides/blob/master/raspibolt/raspibolt_40_lnd.md
https://github.com/Stadicus/guides/blob/master/raspibolt/raspibolt_50_mainnet.md#lnd-in-action
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-and-delete-users-on-debian-8
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/ssh/passwordless.md
https://askubuntu.com/questions/929142/timecapsule-connection-via-ehternet

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